Ftth is a form of fiberoptic communication delivery that reaches one living or working space. Basic optical network terminology linkedin slideshare. Program to remotely power on a pc over the internet using the wakeonlan protocol. Optical networks are highcapacity telecommunications networks based on optical technologies and components that provide routing, grooming, and restoration at the wavelength level as well as wavelengthbased services. It can be used as a reference for anyone designing, implementing, or supporting an optical network. Active optical network aon and passive optical network pon. This tutorial is divided into distinct chapters, which explains the structural features. Ip addresses are 32 bit long, hierarchical addressing scheme. Tutorial everything you always wanted to know about optical networking. Ip is a standard that defines the manner in which the network layers of two hosts interact. This optical networking training course is designed to provide a good technical overview for strategic or technical managers, consultants, communications professionals, software engineers, system engineers, network professionals, marketing and sales professional, it professionals, and others who plan on using, evaluating or working with optical. A transmitter connected to a receiver in an optical network. In this paper, we propose a performance monitoring and failure prediction method in optical networks based on machine learning.
Jun 01, 2016 the passive optical network simply describes the fact that optical transmission has no power requirements or active electronic parts when the signal is going through the network. Message input laser detector message output electrical input electrical. Optical fiber is a highlytransparent strand of glass that transmits light signals with low attenuation loss of signal power over long distances, providing nearly limitless bandwidth. A network can be defined as a group of computers and other devices connected in some ways so as to be able to exchange data. Introduction to fiberoptic communications edward mutafungwa communications laboratory, helsinki university of technology, p.
Whats the difference between epon and gpon optical fiber. Aon active optical network and pon passive optical network. A typical pointtopoint fiber optic communication network consists of a transmitter laser, a transport medium optical fiber and a receiver photodiode as in figure 1. This tutorial is divided into distinct chapters, which explains the structural features of. With a focus on riskaware models in optical networks, the proposed protection plan primarily investigates how to predict the risk of an equipment failure. The role of optical networks optical network segments are categorized with respect to the size of the area they cover. Optical fiber, passive optical network, fttx, point to point, point to multipoint, wdm, simulation. Identify the basic components of a fiber optic communication system. It is a network containing both active and passive elements.
It converts the optical signal into some format understandable to the customers devices. Overview of optical networks the network as a cloud of information flows connecting different participants. Mesh optical network ipmpls subnetwork control path data path uni uni ipmpls subnetwork fig. This tutorial is a perfect tool to learn active directory stepbystep. In japan, ftth fiber to the home net works, in which optical fibers are installed directly to users homes, have. An optical network is a communications network in which transmission links are made up optical fibers, and its architecture is designed to exploit the optical fiber advantages. Longhaul core networks, also known as wide area networks wan or interchange carrier ixc public networks. Optical network units use thin film filter technology to convert between optical and electrical signals. Nokia fundamentals of optical network design nokia networks. A tutorial on the flexible optical networking paradigm. University academy formerlyip university cseit 11,016 views. Now, you can dive deep into active directory structure, services, and components, chapter by chapter, and find answers to some of the most frequently asked questions about active directory regarding domain controllers, forests, fsmo roles, dns and trusts, group policy.
By dicing a ferule of an optical connector and insert ing a thin film filter, a connector with filter function can be realized. In every phase bl increased initially but began to saturate as the technology matured. Note for optical fibre communication ofc by sunil s. Jan 07, 2014 network interface device nid this device is also called as either an optical network terminal ont or an optical network unit onu. Optical network terminology sonetsdh synchronous optical network later called synchronous digital hierarchy this standard defines a synchronous frame structure for transmitting time division multiplexed signals. Specifically, we present a framework for ip over optical networks, mpls, ldp, cr ldp, and gmpls. Powered network logo, cisco systems networking academy, the cisco. Atutorialonopticalnetworks nc state computer science. Optical networks seem to be the medicine for all problems in longhaul and metro networking optical fibre offers way far more bw than copper cables and is less susceptible to electromagnetic interference also copper is becoming a scarce resource compared to silicon recently optical fibres became the top choice. Active optical networking real estate developers wonder by bill zakowski amedia networks multi dwelling unit multi tennant unit mdumtu owners understand that networking a new development from the start is a relatively inexpensive method to significantly boost property value. Addresses are numeric quantities that are easy for computers to work with, but not for humans to remember. Packed with hundreds of figures and illustrations depicting current optical network designs and concepts, this book not only thoroughly explains the basics but also puts justlearned.
Powered equipment is required only at the source and receiving ends of the signal. As a variety of bit rates and signal formats, ranging from asynchronous legacy networks to 10gbps sonet systems, a. It works by using an optical transmitter device to convert an electrical signal received from a network node into light pulses, which are than placed on a fiber optic cable for transport to a receiving device. Optical network segments are categorized with respect to the size of the area they. The use of sonetsdh with a single carrier is a typical example of an opaque, singlewavelength optical network. A passive optical network pon is a pointtomultipoint, fiber to the premises fttp network architecture in which unpowered optical splitters are used to enable a single optical fiber to serve multiple premises in simple it uses passive optical splitters to serve many subscribers from one optical unit a pon consists of i.
Active optical network active optical networks rely on some sort of electrically powered equipment to distribute the signal, such as a switch, router, or multiplexer. Optical networks are telecommunications network of high capacity. A pl c1 is generally used especially for branch degrees more than. Optical fiber uses carrier frequency of the order of 10 15 hz. Optical network drivers many factors are driving the need for optical networks. Optical networks may be single wavelength or multiplewavelengths wdm. If you are familiar with some aspects of advanced optical networking training, we can omit or shorten their discussion. A few of the most important reasons for migrating to the optical layer are described in this module.
This technology enables telecommunications service providers to send voice, data, and video at ever increasing rates. A passive optical network pon is a single, shared optical. They are based on optical technologies and components, and are used to route, groom, and restore wavelength levels and wavelengthbased services. Pdf a tutorial on the flexible optical networking paradigm. Home optical fiber communication note for optical fibre communication ofc by sunil s. A pon system makes it possible to share expensive components for ftth. The ftth tutorial covers basics of ftth fibre to the home configurations and architectures viz.
Everything you always wanted to know about optical. In case of conflict between the material contained in the tutorial and the material. Stmxx synchronous transfer module each bit rate is a multiple of the lowest level oc1 or stm1. All the networks using optical fiber as transmission medium optical networks when transmitted signal remains in optical form till its arrival at destination all optical network. For an active optical network, advantages include interoperability and scalability. Mix play all mix university academy formerlyip university. Optical network elements support ondemand provisioning of connectivity and capacity where required in the network, thus permitting the construction of thin, but. Understanding fiber to the premises fttp fiber optic.
Sep 01, 2015 in passive optical system, a single fiber from a central office optical line terminal olt is connected to optical network terminals onts or optical network units onus at customer premises. Optical networks tutorial wavelength division multiplexing. Passive equipment has no electrical power needs, it. Advanced optical networking training tutorial course. Simple optical network architectures broadcast and distribution networks.
Ftth fibre to the home,configuration,ftth architecture. An ptica etwr connects computers or any other device which can generate or store data in electronic form using optical fibers. Optical networking technology is well suited to meet the above challenges. A passive optical network shares fiber optic strands for portions of the network. Finally, optical networks may be passive or active. Olt optical line termination an olt is the service provider endpoint of a pon and is placed in a co or head end ont optical network termination an ont is a device that terminates the pon and presents native service interfaces to the user. A passive optical network consists of an optical line terminal olt at the service providers central office hub and a number of optical network units onus or optical network terminals onts, near end users.
A central office distributes an optical signal over an optical distribution network odn. A passive optical network uses optical splitters to route signals, meaning that powered equipment is only needed where the signal originates and is received. Osa failure prediction using machine learning and time. The basic principle involves placing the fiber under tension, scribing with a diamond or carbide blade perpendicular to the axis, and then pulling the fiber apart to produce a clean break. Fiber capacity the first implementation of what has emerged as the optical network began on routes that were fiber limited. In some cases, ftth systems may combine elements of both passive and active architectures to form a hybrid system. This tutorial will address all of these questions and explain the technologies, architectures, and market trends for emerging optical networks. A passive optical network pon is a fiberoptic network utilizing a pointtomultipoint topology and optical splitters to deliver data from a single transmission point to multiple user endpoints. Optical tutorials these tutorials offer information on our optical coatings and substrates, lenses, the recommended procedure for cleaning and handling optics, and damage thresholds for optics. Bus topology figure below shows a generalised bus topology network. The state evolves randomly in time as new lightpaths. There are two competing optical distribution network architectures which achieve this split. Optical fiber networks have high capacity can be used for providing the high bandwidth services even in wireless, infrared means high bandwidth connectivity. Note for optical fibre communication ofc by sunil s harakannanavar.
While an active optical network aon can cover a range to about 100 km 62 miles, a pon is typically limited to fiber cable runs of up to 20 km 12 miles. An olt terminates the optical signals and distributes it and internet services to as many as 16 to 128 customers per. Optical network design and implementation networking. For shorthaul transmission, 25g sfp28 dac direct attach cable and 100g qsfp28 to 4x sfp28 aoc active optical cable in various lengths are also available for all needs and specifications. Optical network design and implementationcontains a broad range of technical details on multiservice optical networking and covers optical networking theory, design, and configuration by providing informative text, illustrations, and examples. Participants are introduced to industry best practices and nokia methodology in optical network design, including customer requirements analysis, creation and use of 1830 engineering and planning tool ept design files, traffic matrix analysis, network element requirements and configurations, and resiliencyprotection mechanisms. An overview of gpon in thean overview of gpon in the.
The first phase the first phase of lightwave systems operated near 850 nm and used gaas semiconductor lasers with multimode fibres. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Advantages of fiber large bandwidthdistance product. In case of conflict between the material contained in the tutorial and the material of the relevant recommendation the latter always prevails. For optical modules, fs offers costeffective 25gbasesr, 25gbaselr, and 25g cwdm sfp28 transceivers to cut your hardware costs. Oct 20, 2016 a passive optical network pon is a pointtomultipoint, fiber to the premises fttp network architecture in which unpowered optical splitters are used to enable a single optical fiber to serve multiple premises in simple it uses passive optical splitters to serve many subscribers from one optical unit a pon consists of i.
With ae the individual signals are split out using electronic equipment near the subscriber. Get up to speed on optical networking technologya stillemerging field of highspeed data transmissionusing this clearly written introductory resource. Introduction to optical networks 4 optical communication systems and networks what is an optical network. Optical networking training overview tutorial course. Today, the cost of fiber optic cable and optical transceivers are a fraction of what they were in the 1990s. Passive, in this context, refers to the unpowered condition of the fiber and splittingcombining components. Tutorials of fiber optic products here you can find the.
A comprehensive survey akhilesh thyagaturu, anu mercian, michael p. That is, a decibel relative to 1 milliwatt mw of power. In the pon the signals are replicated passively by the splitter. Jan 23, 2017 through its use of light as a transmission medium, an optical network is one of the fastest communication networks. Each type of optical network has its own advantages and disadvantages. Active elements are in central office, at customer, in repeaters, switches and etc. Each of the devices on the network can be thought of as a node. A shared network based on a pon has several advantages over one based on ae. Profibus networks 1 topologies of simatic net profibus networks 2 network configuration 3 active components 4 cables for profibus rs485 networks 5 bus connectors and preassembled cables 6 passive components for optical networks 7 passive components for profibuspa 8 passive components for power supply 9 testing profibus a lightning and overvoltage.
Fiber to the premises uses fiberoptic cables and associated optical electronics instead of copper wire to connect a customer to a network. The bus is a high bandwidth optical fibre which traverses the entire distribution area. A passive optical network is a form of fiberoptic access network. A passive optical network pon is an all optical network that utilizes only passive optical components, e. All optical fibers have a physical limitation known as stimulated brillouin scattering sbs sbs occurs when a high power optical signal over relatively long length 8km fiber generates variations in the fibers optical properties and scatters optical signals in the reverse direction. Optical networks i about the tutorial optical networks are telecommunications network of high capacity. Passive nonpowered, and hence the name optical splitters provide connectivity between the multiple onus and the single olt port over a single optical cable. Passive optical components and their applications to ftth.
Optical networking is a means of communication that uses signals encoded in light to transmit information in various types of telecommunications networks. Fractions of the optical power on the bus aretapped off to provide a signal to each subscriber. Passive optical network pon which had no active components between co and customer. Optical fiber communication has brought us a new in ternet society. Fiber cleaving is the fastest way to achieve a mirrorflat fiber end it takes only seconds. Earlier telecommunication networks were using optic fibre. In wdm networks, each signal on a fiber is given a. This tutorial discusses the diversity of data networking protocols and network architectures for optical data networking.
All that equipment add cost and complexity to the network. This cable is a hybrid cable containing both fiber optic and copper cores. An optical fiber is a long thin strand of impurityfree glass used as a transport medium for data. A tutorial on optical networks department of computer science at. These include limited range localarea networks lan or widearea networks wan, which cross metropolitan and regional areas as well as longdistance national, international and transoceanic networks. Our fbk3 and fk11 fiber optic cleavers make the process. The future of ethernet pons selftest correct answers glossary 1. Ethernet passive optical network epon a tutorial satelinet. Sergiu rotenstein, mrv abstract for tutorial at nanog 59 optical networking 201 how to build and scale optical networks technical detail will be added where red text is in the.
The fiber extends from the central office to the subscribers living or working space. We can adjust the emphasis placed on the various topics or build the advanced optical networking training course around the mix of technologies of interest to you including technologies other than those included in this outline. The current thinking about ip over wdm by outlining a path to optical data networking, that includes multiple data networking protocol coupled with a protocolneutral optical networking infrastructure is challenged. There are two common systems available in ftth networks.
The primary algorithms of this method are the support vector machine svm and double exponential smoothing des. The promise of the optical transport network otn is designed to address these issues by delivering a transparent framework to efficiently carry diverse traffic types. At the end of this network, optical network terminals onts will convert the optical signal into an electrical signal. Introduction as we known, the core of most current operator networks is the asynchronous digital hierarchy synchronous optical network sdhsonet, which has always offered good fault management, performance monitoring, predictable latency, a protection mechanism and, of course, synchronization.